Page History

• • Drag
  • Stability and control effectiveness
  • Maximum lift during approach/landing
  • Transonic and low speed buffet
  • Boundary layer ingestion for tightly coupled airframe/engine installations
• Massive separation

• • Cavities
  • Extreme maneuvers
  • Blunt components
  • Dynamic stall
• Laminar to turbulent boundary layer flow transition

• • Natural and hybrid laminar flow control
• Viscous wake

• interactions and boundary layer confluence

• • Multi-element, high-lift flows
• Corner flows

• • Wing/body, wing/pylon, and pylon/nacelle juncture flows
• Reattachment
• Icing

• • Ice development and accretion
  • Performance impact
• Circulation and flow separation control

• • Active flow control
  • Powered lift
• Jet exhaust

• • Engine noise
  • Jet-flap interaction
  • Sonic fatigue
• Airframe noise

• • High-lift
  • Landing gear
• Vortical flows

• • Vortex generators/chines
• Wake hazard reduction and avoidance
• Wind tunnel to flight scaling

• • Reynolds number
  • Model characteristics: surface, brackets, aeroelastics

Rotary Wing:

• Flow separation

• • Bluff bodies
  • Hover download
  • Dynamic stall
• Vortical flow in rotor wakes

• • Wake persistence for large numbers of revolutions
  • Blade/vortex interactions
• Rotor structural dynamics/aerodynamics/controls interactions

• • Flexible/deformed rotor blade flows
  • Vibratory loads
• Rotor wake/fuselage interactions
• Flow interaction with ground

• • Ground wash
  • Brownout
  • Rotor/Airframe interaction with ground plane
• Acoustic loading
• Non-harmonic flow/rotor control
• Multi-rotor interactions (coaxial, etc.)
• Laminar to turbulent boundary layer transition flow
• Circulation and flow separation control

• • Active flow control
• Icing

• • Ice accretion
  • Ice shedding
  • Performance impact
• Wind tunnel to flight scaling

• • Reynolds number
  • Model characteristics

High Speed (Supersonic)

• Shock/boundary layer interactions
• Shock/expansion-jet plume interactions
• Laminar to turbulent boundary layer flow transition
• Sonic boom
  • Shock wave coalescence
  • Propagation through atmospheric turbulence and/or wind shear
• MDAO of low boom / low drag design / high efficiency, low distortion inlet design
• Airframe/nacelle shock/viscous interactions
• Slender wing vortex flows
• Aero-propulsive-servo-elastic interactions for slender configurations
• Engine/jet nose acoustics
• Shock-induced flow separation in inlets and nozzles (un-start)
• Store separation
  • Booster staging
  • Weapon drop

High Speed (Hypersonic)

• Aerodynamic heating
• Interaction with ablative materials
• Radiative heating
• Boundary layer transition
• Low density effects at high altitudes
• Strong shock/boundary-layer and shock/shock interactions
• Finite-rate gas chemistry (with a complete set of chemical reactions)
• Ionization, non-equilibrium, and plasma flows during reentry
• Subsonic and supersonic combustion in dual-mode scramjets (possibly with liquid fuel injection)
• Flow separation
  • Inlets and nozzles (un-start)
  • Bluff bodies
• Jet interaction with freestream flow (augmentation factor)

Engine/Propulsion System

• Integrated propulsor/airframe flows
• Unsteady flows due to turbomachinery blade row interactions
  • Stage matching
  • Wake mixing
  • Compressor stability and rotating stall
• Secondary flows, including endwall and tip vortical structures
• Time-accurate coupled component interactions
  • Multi-row rotor-stator interactions
  • Main gaspath/secondary gaspath interactions
  • Combustor exhaust product/turbine interactions including hot streak migration
• Aerothermal cooling/mixing flows (e.g., film cooling)
• Rotational and curvature effects on flow turbulence for rotating turbomachinery
• Transitional flows over a wide range of Reynolds number, pressure gradient, and freestream turbulence
• Real gas thermodynamic models for high temperature flows with dissociation
• Reactive flows
  • Fuel spray modeling (two-phase flows, liquid fuel breakup, atomization, gaseous mixing)
  • Multi-regime combustion models
  • Emissions modeling
  • Vitiated flows
  • Combustion dynamics
• Near-field acoustic sources and propagation to the acoustic farfield
• Ice accretion
• Distributed (electric) propulsion