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*2009.03.03 - Team Meeting{*}{_}Present:&nbsp; Christine, Chris, Rebecca, Kimi_
\\

*{+}Action Items:+** Brainstorm 10 ideas for our project by our brainstorming      meeting.
* Brainstorm meeting Saturday at time TBA in Baker      Conference Room
* Christine:&nbsp; Contact      EWB and report back with times we should attend.
* Everyone going to EWB:&nbsp; RSVP to them.
* Lab Assignments for Tomorrow's Class:
** Christine: Project 4
** Rebecca: Project 1
** Tylor:&nbsp; Project 3
** Chris: Project 2
* Tylor:&nbsp; Upload Design Assignment #1 *{+}Discussion:+*
Great job with specs\!

Agenda àImportant.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Take 5 minutes to list things to do.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Assign timekeeper, note-taker, facilitator, etc.

Gmail Attachment detector àWill let you know if you forget to attach things to emails.&nbsp; Awesome\!

Active Listening:
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; We did active listening session.

Choosing our Lab Assignments:
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tylor:&nbsp; 3, 3-D printing, casting, finishing
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Christine: 4&nbsp; , &nbsp;Drilling, cutting, PVC and plastics manufacturing
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Rebecca:&nbsp;&nbsp; 1,&nbsp;Drilling, cutting, welding, water jet,
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Chris:&nbsp;&nbsp; 2,&nbsp;Sheet metal fabrication, water jet, spot-welding, fasteners

Lab Safety:
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Just ask.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "Don't get hurt."

Trip to IDEO in the future\!


*{+}Brainstorming{+}{*}*:*
One of us is facilitating.&nbsp; Throw in ideas.&nbsp; Ask leading questions:&nbsp; "What could we do with dry chlorine?"
Problem Statement should give 10-20 ideas yourself.

Keep things to 1 hour to 1.5 hours.

Empty your head\!&nbsp; Nuclear fission + Velcro\!

Don't try working out an idea in your head too much.&nbsp; Just say it\!

Don't judge ideas.&nbsp; "Well that's dumb."&nbsp; Defer judgment until end, but prevent avalanches of wild ideas.

When we're done à&nbsp; "Is this physically possible?" Logistics of our session:

Separating qualities/needs?
Post-it notes with sketches&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Example:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Portable&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; à&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Modular&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ß&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Capacity
Kimi's idea:&nbsp; Electrodes and hand cranks and electrolysis\!
It's too early to marry\!&nbsp; Don't limit ourselves too easy.
Super rugged....or disposable and cheap?

An important question:&nbsp; What do we do if our ideas are different from the specs of our client?

Kimi's response:&nbsp; Not counter to our goals or our consumers.&nbsp; If we can come up with a convincing argument for an alternative.

Feel free to feed ideas outside our design specs, and maybe research the idea outside the brainstorm.

Our problem statement:
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The problem statement, but feel free to isolate specs.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Come up with at least 10 ideas.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Baker Conference room.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Some sample ideas:&nbsp; "A bubble gum machine", "A scale", "Attach to tree trunk".

When we're finished...
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sort through ideas and pick out the possible ones.&nbsp;

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Each of us sketches 10 conceptual ones from our own ideas (personal brainstorming), and 5 from the group's brainstorm (different from each other).


*{+}Wiki Discussion:+{*}Logistics of scanning drawings:
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Rebecca has scanner.&nbsp; Chris has one, but doesn't know how it works.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Post to wiki if you have the chance.

Meeting Notes àPosted in text and uploadable on wiki.

Homework Assignments à&nbsp; Post under "Design Assignment #_"
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tylor:&nbsp; Upload your Design Assignment 1

Note for Chris and Tylor:&nbsp; Do not grow moustaches.&nbsp; And don't wear headbands.

RSVP to Water thing this Saturday from 2-7 PM.&nbsp;&nbsp; Christine will email to find out what times our most useful to us.

----
*2009.02.27 - Team Meeting*

_Present: Tylor, Becca, Chris, Christine, Jim, Amrita_

*{+}Action Items:+*
* Tylor and Christine will work on the problem statement and team contract
* Becca and Chris will work on design specs
* EVERYONE post on wiki by some reasonable time Sunday (10      pm?) , so people have time to edit/add

*{+}Talking with Amrita{+}*
* What does existing product look like?
* Container of plastic material with valve
** Valve is cup with handle and it turns
* Manufacturing?
** Valve is manufactured in the US
**- Hard to find valve that doesn't leak, doses        precisely, and is robust
**- Large part of the total cost ($15-$18)
** Housing
**- Cement base and housing with roof
**- Metal stand is quite pricey
**- Not so much concerned about theft now, but more        sturdiness
** Body
**- Made in Kenya
** Chlorine
**- Made in Nairobi.
**- Can do it locally but the quality control is        hard.
* Making it VERY VERY EASY TO USE is important
* Pricing
** Right now it is free
** Standard way to distribute chlorine is in little       bottles à takeup w/o dispenser is about 5%
** If you deliver for free, take up is high (
** If you give people a coupon for 50%, take-up is       less than 10%
** à Both price and ease of use are very important barriers
** Cost recovery would probably be through       community collection (like a water committee, or local government,       schools)
* Any jobs resulting?
** There would have to be someone to be a refiller...       how much income it would generate is still undecided
* How often will it have to be refilled?
** Not more than once every 2-3 weeks, more likely       once every month
** That's for about 200 people... which is about 30-40       compounds (5 or so people per compound)
* Containers
** Most people use 20 L jerry cans... some use 10,       some use 5 (this is more than 90% of the containers).
** But older people and young kids use smaller       jerry cans
** In India, people use smaller containers...
* Recontamination?
** That's exactly why chlorine was used
** Decay of residual chlorine is 24 hours, but       people tend to keep their water for 72 hours
* What's limiting how much Cl is taste, not dosing
** Taste effects kick in 1.5-2 mg/L
* What about getting Cl at this concentration into your      eyes?
** CDC (Danielle) says it's not a problem but we're       not sure
* Can play with the dosing...
** Increasing conc. decreases storage and       transportation costs (transportation is the more important factor)
**- Expense in transportation is the last mile (to        rural areas)
** At this concentration it lasts for about 18       months
** The bigger constraint seems to be having a place       to store it at the end point
* How does chlorine get there?
** Made in Nairobi at 1.25% concentration and       transported to Kenya
* Do you recommend to the users that they use certain      container size?
** No
** It's important but it's not a problem
**- Going from earthenware pots to plastic is hard
**- It's not an easy behavior change to change        storage habits
** In plastic containers Cl decays slower
* After Cl do they have to filter it?
** No they don't - where they are working in Kenya       the water is clear
** BUT it would be useful to make it more widely       usable (in turbid water?)
* Where?
** Western Province
** Really rural, people are really disperse
* What is the goal now?
** The priority is scaling up\!
** How best to distribute it, where?
** Pilot in different countries à Rwanda, Malawi, India
** "We have a product that works... it would be nice       to get the cost down..."
* The design \-&nbsp; what      is wanted?
** It can be a lot cheaper
** Issues that clever design could get around
**- How do we make sure ppl use the Cl in the right        way?
**- How do we make sure the refillers aren't        cheating... tampering?
**-* Siphoning off to use for bleach?
**-* Suddenly the distributer decides to dilute the         bleach?
**- This hasn't been a problem but it could be... if        distribution model changes
**-* Slums and small towns (urban and peri-urban         areas)
**-* Piloting the dispensers with them... they like         it.&nbsp; They're willing to pay for         it.
**-* Don't really need a stand
** Any complaints from users?
**- No.&nbsp; when        is it coming to the town?
** WANT TO KEEP AS EASY TO USE AS POSSIBLE
**- Elevated...
** Flexibility in dosing is important... maybe not       for now, but in the future
**- In W. Kenya, the container sizes are nice        multiples... but not everywhere
** The refill container is expensive...
**- Can look into cheaper?&nbsp; Reusable?
* Distribution models
** Currently distributed by IPA... IPA delivers the       Cl.&nbsp; Other models were looked at,       like selling at half price.
** Retailers sell at smaller containers and       therefore higher prices
* Local
** Nairobi - has a lot of stuff
** Kisumu (closest large town)
** Busia (small)
* Jim's summary:
** Can't assume common carrying vessel, so people       are either underdosing or properly dosing or overdosing
** Standard in retail stores - 1.25 L. à expensive
** Theft doesn't seem to be a concern
**- "Nobody has talked about attempts at thefts"
** How many dispensers have been distributed?
**- 40, for months
** Is tampering a big enough issue?
**- There is no evidence that it's a big concern
**- "All our instincts is that it will be a big        concern as soon as Cl is being charged for"
**- So... this might be a problem if this is made        into a microfinance
** Encourage people to go every 24 hours.
** Safety of splashing?
**- They haven't had any problems
* Required time for chlorination
** 20-30 minutes
* Degradation?
** Haven't had problems with degradation (help from       CDC)
* In increasing concentration (smaller volumes of      dispensing), harder to dose accurately
* Container
** It's opaque
** Is it airtight?
**- Not sure...
* Transportation Costs:
** The further down the transportation chain, the       more expensive.
* How often does the refiller check if it needs to be      refilled?
** Not sure... like once a week maybe?
* How do we deal with different sizes of populations using      this?
** Maybe design for extra so that there is residual       when the refiller comes around
* Turbidity
** Usually deal with this by adding 2x the normal       dosage of chlorine
** CDC estimate is that only 15% of water sources       worldwide are so turbid that they can't be dealt with like this.
* Jim: list a series of possible attributes and prioritize
** Amrita is concerned about effectiveness
**- Applicable in multiple contexts (so no need to        redesign)
** Other people say COST is most important
** Priorities: (if you had $10... how much would go       to each)

| | *Needs Improvement* | *Don't Give Up* |
| Ease of   use | | X |
| Theft | | |
| *Variable Dose* | *3* | |
| Sturdy   Stand | | X&nbsp; (ease of use, sturdiness, can change model   to decrease cost) |
| Transportation | | |
| *Tamper Proof* | *3* | |
| Flexibility   (use in diff. areas) | | |
| *Re-usable containers* | *2* | |
| Ease of   knowing when to refill | | |
| *Cost* | *2* | |
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (nothing filled in means not a concern)&nbsp;&nbsp;*Teamwork Modules*\* Article:
** Stages are true
** Forming, Storming...
* When a team builds trust
** Don't attack the person, just the idea
** Think that everyone wants to do well, but it's       just about organizing so that they can contribute
** Open door policy - that's why mentors are here
* Jim says to front-load
* *Open communication      is CRITICAL*
* *Being really honest      about what you can handle and following through*
* How do we divide responsibilities?
* How do you go on if there's not 100% consensus
* How to get feedback
* Jim suggests series of bullets
** Meetings will be \___\_
** Minutes
** Assignments
** General principles
* Frequent checkups to see how everyone's doing
* CHECKING EMAIL IS IMPORTANT à bold emails and make      summaries and ACTION ITEMS
* Meeting minutes:
** Stick action items in text of email