\! :D
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*2009.02.27 - Team Meeting{*}{_}Present: Tylor, Becca, Chris, Christine, Jim, Amrita{_}{*}{+}Action Items:+** Tylor and Christine will work on the problem statement and team contract
* Becca and Chris will work on design specs
* EVERYONE post on wiki by some reasonable time Sunday (10 pm?) , so people have time to edit/add *{+}Talking with Amrita{+}** What does existing product look like?
** Container of plastic material with valve
** Valve is cup with handle and it turns
* Manufacturing?
** Valve is manufactured in the US
**- Hard to find valve that doesn't leak, doses precisely, and is robust
**- Large part of the total cost ($15-$18)
** Housing
**- Cement base and housing with roof
**- Metal stand is quite pricey
**- Not so much concerned about theft now, but more sturdiness
** Body
**- Made in Kenya
** Chlorine
**- Made in Nairobi.
**- Can do it locally but the quality control is hard.
* Making it VERY VERY EASY TO USE is important
* Pricing
** Right now it is free
** Standard way to distribute chlorine is in little bottles à takeup w/o dispenser is about 5%
** If you deliver for free, take up is high (
** If you give people a coupon for 50%, take-up is less than 10%
** à Both price and ease of use are very important barriers
** Cost recovery would probably be through community collection (like a water committee, or local government, schools)
* Any jobs resulting?
** There would have to be someone to be a refiller... how much income it would generate is still undecided
* How often will it have to be refilled?
** Not more than once every 2-3 weeks, more likely once every month
** That's for about 200 people... which is about 30-40 compounds (5 or so people per compound)
* Containers
** Most people use 20 L jerry cans... some use 10, some use 5 (this is more than 90% of the containers).
** But older people and young kids use smaller jerry cans
** In India, people use smaller containers...
* Recontamination?
** That's exactly why chlorine was used
** Decay of residual chlorine is 24 hours, but people tend to keep their water for 72 hours
* What's limiting how much Cl is taste, not dosing
** Taste effects kick in 1.5-2 mg/L
* What about getting Cl at this concentration into your eyes?
** CDC (Danielle) says it's not a problem but we're not sure
* Can play with the dosing...
** Increasing conc. decreases storage and transportation costs (transportation is the more important factor)
**- Expense in transportation is the last mile (to rural areas)
** At this concentration it lasts for about 18 months
** The bigger constraint seems to be having a place to store it at the end point
* How does chlorine get there?
** Made in Nairobi at 1.25% concentration and transported to Kenya
* Do you recommend to the users that they use certain container size?
** No
** It's important but it's not a problem
**- Going from earthenware pots to plastic is hard
**- It's not an easy behavior change to change storage habits
** In plastic containers Cl decays slower
* After Cl do they have to filter it?
** No they don't - where they are working in Kenya the water is clear
** BUT it would be useful to make it more widely usable (in turbid water?)
* Where?
** Western Province
** Really rural, people are really disperse
* What is the goal now?
** The priority is scaling up\!
** How best to distribute it, where?
** Pilot in different countries à Rwanda, Malawi, India
** "We have a product that works... it would be nice to get the cost down..."
* The design - what is wanted?
** It can be a lot cheaper
** Issues that clever design could get around
**- How do we make sure ppl use the Cl in the right way?
**- How do we make sure the refillers aren't cheating... tampering?
**-* Siphoning off to use for bleach?
**-* Suddenly the distributer decides to dilute the bleach?
**- This hasn't been a problem but it could be... if distribution model changes
**-* Slums and small towns (urban and peri-urban areas)
**-* Piloting the dispensers with them... they like it. They're willing to pay for it.
**-* Don't really need a stand
** Any complaints from users?
**- No. when is it coming to the town?
** WANT TO KEEP AS EASY TO USE AS POSSIBLE
**- Elevated...
** Flexibility in dosing is important... maybe not for now, but in the future
**- In W. Kenya, the container sizes are nice multiples... but not everywhere
** The refill container is expensive...
**- Can look into cheaper? Reusable?
* Distribution models
** Currently distributed by IPA... IPA delivers the Cl. Other models were looked at, like selling at half price.
** Retailers sell at smaller containers and therefore higher prices
* Local
** Nairobi - has a lot of stuff
** Kisumu (closest large town)
** Busia (small)
* Jim's summary:
** Can't assume common carrying vessel, so people are either underdosing or properly dosing or overdosing
** Standard in retail stores - 1.25 L. à expensive
** Theft doesn't seem to be a concern
**- "Nobody has talked about attempts at thefts"
** How many dispensers have been distributed?
**- 40, for months
** Is tampering a big enough issue?
**- There is no evidence that it's a big concern
**- "All our instincts is that it will be a big concern as soon as Cl is being charged for"
**- So... this might be a problem if this is made into a microfinance
** Encourage people to go every 24 hours.
** Safety of splashing?
**- They haven't had any problems
* Required time for chlorination
** 20-30 minutes
* Degradation?
** Haven't had problems with degradation (help from CDC)
* In increasing concentration (smaller volumes of dispensing), harder to dose accurately
* Container
** It's opaque
** Is it airtight?
**- Not sure...
* Transportation Costs:
** The further down the transportation chain, the more expensive.
* How often does the refiller check if it needs to be refilled?
** Not sure... like once a week maybe?
* How do we deal with different sizes of populations using this?
** Maybe design for extra so that there is residual when the refiller comes around
* Turbidity
** Usually deal with this by adding 2x the normal dosage of chlorine
** CDC estimate is that only 15% of water sources worldwide are so turbid that they can't be dealt with like this.
* Jim: list a series of possible attributes and prioritize
** Amrita is concerned about effectiveness
**- Applicable in multiple contexts (so no need to redesign)
** Other people say COST is most important
** Priorities: (if you had $10... how much would go to each)
| | *Needs Improvement* | *Don't Give Up* |
| Ease of use | | X |
| Theft | | |
| *Variable Dose* | *3* | |
| Sturdy Stand | | X (ease of use, sturdiness, can change model to decrease cost) |
| Transportation | | |
| *Tamper Proof* | *3* | |
| Flexibility (use in diff. areas) | | |
| *Re-usable containers* | *2* | |
| Ease of knowing when to refill | | |
| *Cost* | *2* | |
(nothing filled in means not a concern) *Teamwork Modules** Article:
** Stages are true
** Forming, Storming...
* When a team builds trust
** Don't attack the person, just the idea
** Think that everyone wants to do well, but it's just about organizing so that they can contribute
** Open door policy - that's why mentors are here
* Jim says to front-load
* *Open communication is CRITICAL*
* *Being really honest about what you can handle and following through*
* How do we divide responsibilities?
* How do you go on if there's not 100% consensus
* How to get feedback
* Jim suggests series of bullets
** Meetings will be \___\_
** Minutes
** Assignments
** General principles
* Frequent checkups to see how everyone's doing
* CHECKING EMAIL IS IMPORTANT à bold emails and make summaries and ACTION ITEMS
* Meeting minutes:
** Stick action items in text of email |