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We can plot climatological fields showing the meridional mean features of the atmosphere to observe the Hadley cell circulation. There are two phenomena that can be observed in the Hadley cell: the overturning circulation and thermal wind.
Overturning Circulation
Figure 1: Zonally averaged temperature in January and July from 1948 to 2016. The warmest air is always at the tropics, but the temperature gradient is strongest over the mid-latitude in the northern hemisphere in January and in the southern hemisphere is July.
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